五大基本类型
Birds fly. -> 主语 + 谓语
The early bird catches the worm. -> 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
They are birds of a feather. (people of same group)。 —> 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
I heard the birds singing. -> 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
She bought the bird a cage. -> 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
一个完整的句子由两个部分组成：陈述对象（主语）+ 陈述内容（谓语）
基本句型一：主语+系动词+表语
除了be外，几类常见的系动词
持续系动词：keep, remain, stay
Women’s hearts remain a mystery to me.
变化系动词：become, grow, turn, get
Leaves turn yellow in autumn.
感官系动词：feel, smell, sound, look
She looks off color.
系动词 or 实义动词
看这个动作是不是主语发出的
看动词能不能被be 动词替换
He looked sad.
He looked sadly at his broken car.
基本句型二：主语+谓语
谓语：不及物动词 intransitive verb （vi）
（本身意思完整）
It hurts.
Nobody cares.
I came. I saw. I conquered.
She spoke at the meeting.
Su Bingtian runs very fast.
基本句型三：主语+谓语+宾语
谓语：及物动词 transitive verb （vt）
（动作有对象，后面带宾语）
She has social phobia.（名词）
She hates talking to strangers.（动名词）
She prefers to be by herself.（不定式）
及物 vs 不及物
She spoke at the meeting. vi 发言、讲话
She can speak several languages. vt. 会说、会讲
基本句型四：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
谓语：及物动词（双宾动词）
直接宾语：动作的直接承受者（一般是物）
间接宾语：动作间接承受者（一般是人）
I gave you a chance.
He lent me some money.
She showed me her wedding ring.
He taught me how to love.
Nobody told me that the meeting was canceled.
基本句型五：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
谓语：及物动词（不完全及物动词）
加了宾语之后意思依然不完全，需要加补语补充意思的不足
宾补：给宾语打的补丁
They call him the Young Wolf.
You can leave the door open.
Fear can hold you prisoner.
Hope can set you free.
主谓双宾 vs 主谓宾宾补
She made Tom her assistant. -> 宾补
(Tom is her assistant) ✅
She made Tom a cake. -> 双宾
(Tom is a cake) ❌
summary
