非谓语

动名词构成（名词本色+动词特性）

  • 动名词
  • 不定式
  • 分词（现在分词 & 过去分词）

动名词作主语

表达一个动作、一件事、一种状态，用单数形式

Seeing is believing.
Don’t make me hate you. loving you is painful enough.
Being brave doesn’t mean you aren’t scared.

动名词主语后置的特定句型

【it 形式主语，占位用，没有实际意义】
It is no good/use doing sth.
It is a waste of time doing sth.
It is great fun doing sth.

动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式
动名词做主语通常放句首，特定句型，会把动名词后置

动名词作宾语

放在特定动词后面作宾语
放在介词后面作宾语

可以接动名词的动词：

admit, deny, consider, avoid, prevent, prefer, enjoy, mind, suggest, imagine, keep, risk

They’re considering having a third child.
I suggest going in my car.
They left without telling anyone. (状·介词短语)
She’s thinking about changing her job. (状·介词短语)

动名词作表语

（是什么）

His job is selling cars. -> Selling cars is his job.
His favorite pastime is watching TV series at home.

主语和表语位置互换，句子依然成立

动名词作定语

（放修饰名词前面，表示所修饰名词的功能、用途）

swimming pool
reading room
running track
sleepng bag
washing machine

动名词复合结构

动词有动作执行者，且动名词的动作执行者并不总和句子主语一致。
为了区别，我们把动名词的动作执行者成为逻辑主语。
动名词和它的逻辑主语一起构成动名词复合结构。

Do you mind driving? I’m pretty tired. 逻辑主语是you
Do you mind my driving? You must be tired. 逻辑主语是my
He hates working overtime.
He hates his wife’s working overtime.

某些情况下，动名词的逻辑主语可以直接用宾格代词（me, us, him）或普通名词（Tom, my husband）

Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love.

1. 动名词复合结构在句子中作主语，一般用所有格。作宾语，用普通格或所有格均可

Their son’s winning the gold medal made them proud.
I don’t like you/your speaking ill of her.

2. 动名词的逻辑主语是无生命之物时，一般用普通格。

He agrees with money not being everything.

3. 动名词的逻辑主语是不定代词（someone, anyone, everyone），一般用普通格

He was awakened by someone shouting outside.

动名词时态和语态的变化

主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done

动名词的时态：一般式、完成式

She enjoys cooking for her family. (一般情况)
My boyfriend is considering starting his own business. (之后)
He was not sure of having done anything wrong. (之前)
She admitted making a mistake.
She admitted having made a mistake.

动名词的语态：逻辑主语和动作的关系

An Englishman is never afraid of being laughed at. He just thinks the other fellow is a fool.

某些表示“需要”和“值得”，习惯用主动语态表示被动

need, want, require, deserve

The room needs cleaning up.
You hear needs/wants cutting.

summary